Researchers have applied physics theory and calculations to predict the presence of two new phenomena -- interspecies radiative transition (IRT) and the breakdown of the dipole selection rule -- in ...

Optical fields can be used to drive transitions between different states in quantum systems, but some transitions are much more likely than others. When visible light interacts with an atom, for ...

IT is well known that, by giving prolonged exposures, many forbidden lines appear in X-ray emission spectra violating the dipole selection rules derived from theory. Most of the forbidden lines obey ...